Steamships to Suffragettes

A Case Study of Interpretative Museology, Public Engagement, and Digital Development

in Museum Worlds
Author:
Nicolas Bigourdan Western Australian Museum nicolas.bigourdan@museum.wa.gov.au

Search for other papers by Nicolas Bigourdan in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Kevin Edwards Tempus Archaeology temparch@bigpond.net.au

Search for other papers by Kevin Edwards in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Michael McCarthy Western Australian Museum michael.mccarthy@museum.wa.gov.au

Search for other papers by Michael McCarthy in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
Restricted access

ABSTRACT

Since 1985 the shipwreck site and related artifacts from the steamship SS Xantho (1872) have been key elements in the Western Australian Museum Maritime Archaeology Department’s research, exhibition, and outreach programs. This article describes a continually evolving, often intuitive, synergy between archaeological fieldwork and analyses, as well as museum interpretations and public engagement that have characterized the Steamships to Suffragettes exhibit conducted as part of a museum in vivo situation. This project has centered on themes locating the SS Xantho within a network of temporal, social, and biographical linkages, including associations between the ship’s engine and a visionary engineer (John Penn), a controversial entrepreneur (Charles Broadhurst), a feminist (Eliza Broadhurst), and a suffragette (Kitty Broadhust), as well as to Aboriginal and “Malay” divers and artists. Achieved with few funds, the project may be a valuable case study at a time when funds allocated to museums and archaeological units are rapidly diminishing.

Contributor Notes

NICOLAS BIGOURDAN is a French maritime archaeologist and assistant curator at the Maritime Archaeology Department of the Western Australian Museum since 2012. He worked as project supervisor for the Coastal and Marine section of Wessex Archaeology (United Kingdom) from 2008 to 2012. He holds a BA (2002) in History and an Honours degree (2003) in Nautical Archaeology, both from l’Université de la Sorbonne, and a Master’s (2005) in Maritime Archaeology from James Cook University. He has been involved in several maritime and underwater archaeological projects in various countries (Australia, Federated States of Micronesia, France, Mauritius, South Africa, South Korea, Sri Lanka, United Kingdom).

KEVIN EDWARDS graduated from the University of Western Australia in 1991 and is currently a postgraduate student in the Maritime Archaeology program at Flinders University. His research interests include the archaeological potential of near and offshore disposals of military material in wartime and postbellum contexts, the application of social theory to shipwreck survivor camp studies, and the documentation of archaeological collections using a variety of 3-D digitization technologies. He also focuses on the use of close-range multi-image photogrammetry as a means of rapidly documenting and monitoring underwater archaeological sites.

DR. MICHAEL MCCARTHY, adjunct professor, as the WA Museum’s “Inspector of Wrecks” was responsible for the assessment of newly found shipwrecks and relics. He is the archaeologist responsible for the excavation and assessment of many historic sites, including port-related structures, the VOC ship Zuytdorp (1711), the iron-hulled SS Xantho (1872), the submerged World War II flying boats at Broome, and the HMAS Sydney and HSK Kormoran. He pioneered the study of abandoned hulks, submarines, aircraft wrecks, and the “wreck trail” and “wreck access” movements as well as the Australian Contact Shipwrecks Program.

  • Collapse
  • Expand

Museum Worlds

Advances in Research

  • Arnold, Amanda-Jane. 2003. “A Study of Eliza Broadhurst’s 19th Century ‘Literary Cuttings from All Sources’ Scrapbook.” Unpublished Report 171—Department of Maritime Archaeology, Western Australian Maritime Museum.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Bach, John. 1976. A Maritime History of Australia. Sydney: Pan Books.

  • Bennett, Tony. 1988. “The Exhibitionary Complex.” New Formations 4: 73102.

  • Bennett, Tony. 1990. “The Political Rationality of the Museum.” Continuum 3(1): 3555.

  • Bennett, Tony. 1995. The Birth of the Museum: History, Theory, Politics. London: Routledge.

  • Bennett, Tony. 1998. Culture: A Reformer’s Science. London: Routledge.

  • Bigourdan, Nicolas, and Michael McCarthy. 2007. “Aboriginal Watercraft Depictions in Western Australia.” Bulletin of the Australasian Institute for Maritime Archaeology 31: 110.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Boehler, Wolfgang, and Andreas Marbs. 2002. “3D Scanning Instruments.” http://i3mainz.hs-mainz.de/sites/default/files/public/data/p05_Boehler.pdf (accessed 31 December 2012).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Bolton, Geoffrey C. 1983. “Maritime Archaeology and Australian History.” Pp. 3745 in Proceedings of the Second Southern Hemisphere Conference on Maritime Archaeology, ed. William Jeffery and Jennifer Amess. Adelaide: South Australian Department of Environment and Planning and Common-wealth Department of Home Affairs and Environment.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Burgess, Robert, and Michael McCarthy. 1994. “SS Xantho Engine Recovered and Modelled.” Model Engineer 172: 676679.

  • Clifford, James. 1997. Routes: Travel and Translation in the Late Twentieth Century. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

  • Coles, Alec. 2016. “Making It Real: The Changing Nature of Collections.” Public Lecture from A History of the World in 100 Objects Symposium. 13 February. Perth: WA Museum.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Edwards, Kevin, and Darren Cooper. 2013. “Digitizing Xantho: Notes on a Project to Digitally Record an Assemblage of Complex Engine Components from a 19th-Century Steamship.” Bulletin of the Australasian Institute for Maritime Archaeology 37: 4247.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Engel, Joakim. 2011. “3D Applications in a Museological Context.” Master’s thesis, University of Copenhagen.

  • Gould, Richard A. 1983. Shipwreck Anthropology. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.

  • Green, Caroline. 2004. “Xantho Gallery: 2004 Revaluation.” Unpublished Report 169—Department of Maritime Archaeology, Western Australian Maritime Museum.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Gregg, Michael. 2009. “An Archaeologist’s Work Is Never Done: Exhibition as Dialogue.” Pp. 5455 in McCarthy et al. 2009.

  • Griffin, Des. 2011. “Understanding Museums: Australian Museums and Museology.” National Museum of Australia. www.nma.gov.au/research/understanding-museums (accessed 20 November 2015).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Harvey, Peter. 2009. “Xantho a Catalyst to the Past 20 Years in Iron, Steel and Steamship Archaeology in Victoria.” Pp. 1215 in McCarthy et al. 2009.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Kavanagh, Gaynor. 1994. Museum, Provision and Professionalism. London: Routledge.

  • Lyon, David J. 1974. “Documentary Sources for the Archaeological Diver: Ship Plans at the National Maritime Museum.” International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 3: 320.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Malraux, André. 1967. Museum without Walls. London: Secker and Warburg.

  • Mather, Ian R., and Gordon P. Watts Jr. 2002. “Geographic Information Systems.” Pp. 679697 in International Handbook of Underwater Archaeology, ed. Carol V. Ruppé and Janet F. Barstad. New York: Kluwer-Plenum.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • McCarthy, Michael. 1988. Iron Ships and Steam Shipwrecks: Papers from the First Australian On-Site Seminar on the Management of Iron Ships and Steam Ship Wrecks, Port Gregory, 1985. Perth: Australian Institute for Maritime Archaeology.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • McCarthy, Michael. 2000. Iron and Steamship Archaeology: Success and Failure on the SS Xantho. New York: Kluwer-Plenum.

  • McCarthy, Michael. 2011. “Museums and Maritime Archaeology.” Pp. 10321054 in The Oxford Hand-book of Maritime Archaeology, ed. Alexis Catsambis, Ben Ford, and Donny L. Hamilton. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • McCarthy, Michael, and Richard Garcia. 2004. “Screw Threads on the SS Xantho Engine: A Case of Standardization in 19th Century Britain.” International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 33: 330337.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • McCarthy, Michael, Kieran Hosty, and Cassandra Philippou. 2009. Iron, Steel and Steamship Archaeology: Papers from the 2nd Australian Seminar Held in Perth, Melbourne and Sydney 2006. Fremantle: Australian National Centre of Excellence for Maritime Archaeology.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Muckelroy, Keith. 1978. Maritime Archaeology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

  • Parrott, Elizabeth. 2001. “A Study of the Life of Eliza Broadhurst 1839–1899 and Her Interest in the Women’s Movement of Western Australia.” Unpublished Report 161—Department of Maritime Archaeology, Western Australian Maritime Museum.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Paterson, Alistair, and Andrew Wilson. 2009. “Indigenous Perceptions of Contact at Inthanoona, North-west Western Australia.” Archaeology in Oceania 44: 98110.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Sandell, Richard. 2003. “Social Inclusion, the Museum and the Dynamics of Sectoral Change.” Museum and Society 1: 4562.

  • Simon, Katie M., Angelia M. Payne, Keenan Cole, Christopher S. Smallwood, Christopher Goodmaster, and Frederick Limp. 2009. “Close-Range 3D Laser Scanning and Virtual Museums: Beyond Wonder Chambers and Cabinets of Curiosity?Proceedings of CAA2009. www.caa2009.org/articles/Simon_Contribution368_a(1).pdf (accessed 6 February 2013).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Smith, Megan. H. 2010. “A Necessary Duty, A Hideous Fault: Digital Technology and the Ethics of Archaeological Conservation.” Master’s thesis, Texas A&M University.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Smithsonian Institution. 2010. Creating a Digital Smithsonian: Digitization Strategic Plan. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution.

  • Stanbury, Myra. 1991. Maritime Archaeological Material: A Catalyst in the Development of the Western Australian Maritime Museum. Perth: Western Australian Museum.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Whitcomb, Andrea. 2003. Re-imagining the Museum: Beyond the Mausoleum. London: Routledge.

Metrics

All Time Past Year Past 30 Days
Abstract Views 1663 915 434
Full Text Views 25 6 0
PDF Downloads 24 5 0