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“One Is Not Born a Dramatist”

The Genesis of Sartre’s Theatrical Career in Writings to, with, and by Beauvoir

Dennis A. Gilbert

Abstract

This article looks to delineate Jean-Paul Sartre’s entry into the field of drama and the genesis of his prominent theatrical career. While Sartre spoke and wrote a great deal on this subject in interviews with theater critics and articles on theater, the most revealing sources of this information can be found in writings to, with, and by Simone de Beauvoir. This article therefore examines the exchange of letters between Sartre and Beauvoir, her wartime diary, an article and a recording by her from the 1940s, her autobiography, and the lengthy conversations between the two from 1974. The result will shed significant light on the evolution of Sartre’s interest in theater from his childhood, to his adolescence, and during the decade that preceded the creation of his first extant play, Bariona, in 1940.

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In  Sartre Studies International

Published (Print):
01 Dec 2017
Article Type:
Research Article
Pages:
19–35 (17 total)
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Sartre et la figure de Cassandre

Hiroaki Seki

Résumé

Cet article examine les références discrètes mais persistantes et variées à Cassandre, princesse troyenne et prophétesse malheureuse, chez Sartre, depuis les œuvres de jeunesse jusqu’aux textes tardifs et sa dernière pièce, Les Troyennes. Dans les écrits de jeunesse des années 1920, la figure de Cassandre est associée à la littérature romantique et post-romantique et à la métaphore du voile dans la recherche de la vérité. Dans la décennie suivante, elle réapparaîtra dans La Nausée, cette fois liée aux nouvelles préoccupations phénoménologiques de Sartre. Enfin dans les écrits des dernières années, elle souligne l’inquiétude liée à l’expression et à la communication des vérités plus politiques de l’écrivain engagé. Suivre l’évolution de cette figure multidimensionnelle dans la pensée de Sartre, c’est mieux apprécier le rôle subtil du pessimisme dans son œuvre et la fascination discrète que lui inspire Cassandre.

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In  Sartre Studies International

Published (Print):
01 Dec 2017
Article Type:
Research Article
Pages:
36–57 (22 total)
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Sartre in Austria

Boycott, Scandals, and the Fight for Peace

Juliane Werner

Abstract

While the World Congress of People for Peace 1952 in Vienna is generally viewed as Soviet propaganda, Jean-Paul Sartre counted it among the most important experiences of his life. His participation marks a major turning point in his evolution, insofar as it publicly confirms his status as a fellow traveler of the Communist Party. In the weeks leading up to the Congress, which was met by an extensive press boycott, Sartre had already caused a stir in the Viennese media by calling off the premiere of Les Mains sales, one of several theater scandals connected to this controversial and allegedly anti-Communist play. By examining the news coverage of these events, this article reveals the impact of Sartre’s interventions and shows how they changed the reception of existentialism in Austria.

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In  Sartre Studies International

Published (Print):
01 Dec 2017
Article Type:
Research Article
Pages:
1–18 (18 total)
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Sartrean Self-Consciousness and the Principle of Identity

Sartre’s Implicit Argument for the Non-Self-Identity of the Subject

Maiya Jordan

Abstract

I address the problem of what grounds Sartre’s paradoxical claim that consciousness is non-self-identical, and his equally paradoxical gloss on that claim—that the nature of consciousness is to be what it is not and not to be what it is. I argue that there is an implicit argument in Being and Nothingness, which both entails and elucidates Sartre’s claim that consciousness is non-self-identical, and which also maps on to, and clarifies, the explicit argument that Sartre provides for this conclusion. This implicit argument presupposes that we attribute to Sartre a distinctive theory of pre-reflective self-consciousness—what I call the non-iterative theory. I argue that we should attribute the non-iterative theory to Sartre.

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In  Sartre Studies International

Published (Print):
01 Dec 2017
Article Type:
Research Article
Pages:
98–113 (16 total)
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Authentic Love and the Mother-Child Relationship

Catrin Gibson

Abstract

In this article, I explore the question of whether authentic love is possible in Jean-Paul Sartre’s early philosophy. In Being and Nothingness, Sartre claims that love is inauthentic and doomed to failure. I dismiss a prominent view that is built upon Sartre’s account of love in Notebooks for an Ethics, which states that authentic love is possible after a radical conversion to authenticity. The continued existence of patriarchal oppression prevents men and women from undergoing such a conversion. Adopting a different approach, I examine a form of love which Sartre largely overlooks: the love between mother and child. Before the boundaries between Self and Other are fully formed, mother and child exist in an ambiguous union. It is here, I argue, that the existence of authentic love is possible.

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In  Sartre Studies International

Published (Print):
01 Jun 2017
Article Type:
Research Article
Pages:
60–79 (20 total)
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Book Reviews

Nik Farrell Fox and Bryan Mukandi

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In  Sartre Studies International

Published (Print):
01 Jun 2017
Article Type:
Book Review
Pages:
106–112 (7 total)
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Counter-Violence and Islamic Terrorism

Is Liberation without Freedom Possible?

Maria Russo

Abstract

One of the biggest threats in the contemporary world is the phenomenon of Islamic terrorism, which is increasingly becoming a facet of everyday life in Europe. In this article, I question whether it is possible to define Islamic terrorism as a form of counter-violence, according to how Jean-Paul Sartre presented this concept in Notebooks for an Ethics, and, as a consequence, whether it can be legitimized or justified. According to this argument, the freedoms that perceive themselves as oppressed can try to liberate themselves through violence, given certain conditions. However, with terrorism we do not simply face the paradox inherent to counter-violence. The key point, which clearly distinguishes Islamic terrorism from counter-violence, is the fact that behind this nihilistic fury there is no concept of freedom to be liberated.

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In  Sartre Studies International

Published (Print):
01 Jun 2017
Article Type:
Research Article
Pages:
80–98 (19 total)
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Editorial

John Gillespie and Sarah Richmond

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In  Sartre Studies International

Published (Print):
01 Jun 2017
Article Type:
Editorial
Pages:
iv–v
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Érotisme, désir et sadisme chez Sartre

Jean-Pierre Boulé

Résumé

Cet article se concentre sur l’érotisme et sur les relations sexuelles dans les écrits et la biographie de Sartre, et en particulier sur la notion de sadisme, explorant l’hypothèse que la biographie de Sartre sur Charles Baudelaire ainsi que Faut-il brûler Sade? de Simone de Beauvoir nous aident à explorer indirectement érotisme, désir et sadisme chez Sartre. Le texte est appuyé par une variété de sources secondaires, en particulier par des articles de Christina Howells et de Serge Doubrovsky. L’accent est mis sur la matérialité physique de l’acte sexuel et de l’érotisme mais sans jamais négliger les structures psychologiques et existentielles du sadisme et du masochisme.

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In  Sartre Studies International

Published (Print):
01 Jun 2017
Article Type:
Research Article
Pages:
38–59 (22 total)
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Judith Butler and the Sartrean Imaginary

Kathleen Lennon

Abstract

Judith Butler’s Gender Trouble has been one of the most influential theoretical works of the past twenty-five years. Both within and without philosophy, it is a touchstone for discussions of subjectivity and identity of all kinds. In her writings, and in conversation, Butler has made clear her indebtedness to the phenomenological and existential tradition, while revising it within a poststructuralist framework. In this article, I explore just one strand of that indebtedness by comparing the performative account of gender identity, which she offers in Gender Trouble, with the imaginary personages which form the basis of Sartre’s account of individual and social identities. I suggest that some of the problems encountered by performative accounts are a consequence of this inheritance.

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In  Sartre Studies International

Published (Print):
01 Jun 2017
Article Type:
Research Article
Pages:
22–37 (16 total)