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Amalgamation and Regeneration

Visions of Future Jewish Inclusion

Jakob Egholm Feldt

Abstract

This article discusses Israel Zangwill's play The Melting Pot (1908) and Horace M. Kallen's essay ‘Democracy versus the Melting Pot’ (1915) as two different visions of future Jewish inclusion. Zangwill's play and Kallen's response reflect social changes at the time, and both visions consider Jewish history exemplary for the world-to-come. Both show how conceptions of Jewishness were turned into universalist teleologies, but of different kinds. Zangwill's play opened in Washington at the height of immigration, urbanisation and social change, and it swiftly exemplified a vision of the American nation in the making, emphasising concepts of amalgamation more than old historical identities. In opposition, Kallen's response in 1915 emphasised historical identities and rejected the metal melting metaphors, replacing them with a Darwin-inspired spontaneous ‘symphony’. Zangwill and Kallen both imagined the future world as profoundly shaped by Jewishness, albeit with different consequences.

Cover European Judaism

In  European Judaism

Published (Print):
01 Sep 2024
Article Type:
Research Article
Pages:
85–100 (16 total)
Open access

Anthropology in Action in Vanuatu

Troubleshooting Disaster Relief in the Wake of Tropical Cyclones Judy and Kevin

Harvey Whitehouse and Jamie Tanguay

In March 2023, Vanuatu was struck by two category 4 tropical cyclones, dubbed Judy and Kevin, in rapid succession. As the planet heats up and extreme weather events become fiercer and more frequent, disaster response teams will face ever greater challenges to restore vital infrastructure and help the people living on Pacific islands to repair their homes and feed themselves. Based on the information gathered for this article using well-established anthropological techniques of in-depth open-ended interviews and long-term immersive fieldwork, we argue that effective responses to natural disasters may be strengthened by engaging more fully with local and traditional institutions, utilising the best available data and coordinating the efforts of more diverse stakeholders.

Cover Anthropology in Action

In  Anthropology in Action

Published (Print):
01 Sep 2024
Article Type:
Research Article
Pages:
1–12 (11 total)
Restricted access

Book Review

Frank Dabba Smith

Abram Leon, The Jewish Question: A Marxist Interpretation, Pathfinder Press, 2020, £15.00

Cover European Judaism

In  European Judaism

Published (Print):
01 Sep 2024
Article Type:
Book Review
Pages:
154–155 (2 total)
Free access

Editorial

Jonathan Magonet

When Bryan Cheyette approached the Editorial Board with the proposal of putting together a selection of studies on Israel Zangwill, we were delighted to accept and welcome him as a guest editor. Zangwill fits into the topic of British-Jewish literature that has been featured from time to time from the early days of the journal but has had greater coverage in recent years.1 Bryan uses his introduction to give an overview of the contributors and their articles while discussing the influence of Zangwill's writings in France, America and Israel and his continuing significance.

Cover European Judaism

In  European Judaism

Published (Print):
01 Sep 2024
Article Type:
Editorial
Pages:
1–3 (3 total)
Restricted access

German-Jewish Resistance and Gestapo Research

The Example of the Herbert Baum Group

Eric Brothers

Abstract

It was just four days after the botched, amateurish and poorly executed sabotage attack on the anti-Soviet and anti-Semitic ‘Soviet Paradise’ mass exhibition in Berlin's Lustgarten (18 May 1942) that the Gestapo began arresting members of the Herbert Baum group. Resistance historiography has basically ignored the important role that resistance-Gestapo interaction has played within Nazi Germany. This article uses Robert Gellately's important 1991 essay as a starting point in order to begin correcting that omission. Post-war interrogation reports and other primary source material on leading Gestapo figures provide insights into Gestapo interactions with and attitudes towards the German resistance. Primary sources are interpreted in order to recreate an interrogation session at the hands of the Gestapo. Torture methods used by the Gestapo on Baum group members are discussed.

Cover European Judaism

In  European Judaism

Published (Print):
01 Sep 2024
Article Type:
Research Article
Pages:
140–153 (14 total)
Restricted access

Israel's Zangwill; or, The Return of the King of Schnorrers

Eitan Bar-Yosef

Abstract

This article explores Israel Zangwill's posthumous presence in Israeli culture, as reflected in various media and discursive arenas: press coverage of his death and Yahrzeits; trends in the translation, publication and staging of his works; the inauguration of streets bearing his name; and references to his views and legacy in various political debates. Demonstrating how the tensions and contradictions so typical of Zangwill's persona were interpreted by cultural commentators or appropriated by opposing political camps, the first part of the article traces and contextualises Zangwill's gradual disappearance from the Israeli cultural mainstream. The second part then moves on to consider Zangwill's unexpected comeback in 2021, when a musical production of The King of Schnorrers, adapted by Nati Brooks, was staged in Tel Aviv. While the renewed interest in Zangwill's work is rooted specifically in the playwright's Anglo-Jewish background, the production employs Zangwill's 1790s Jewish London to consider ethnic tensions in present-day Israel.

Cover European Judaism

In  European Judaism

Published (Print):
01 Sep 2024
Article Type:
Research Article
Pages:
34–49 (16 total)
Restricted access

Israel Zangwill

Past, Present and Future – An Introduction

Bryan Cheyette

Abstract

Israel Zangwill (1864–1926) was the best-known Jewish anglophone writer and public intellectual during his lifetime. There has been a contemporary resurgence of interest in Zangwill's life and work in Britain, France, America and Israel, which will be discussed in the introduction and is illustrated by the articles in the special issue. I focus on the legacies of Zangwill both locally and globally. At the heart of the introduction is the way that Zangwill's legacy varies in different national cultures. It explores how Zangwill reuses the idea of the ghetto from the German tradition of ghetto literature; radicalises Herzl's political Zionism in the form of Jewish territorialism; and refashions President Roosevelt's idea of the melting-pot for popular consumption.

Cover European Judaism

In  European Judaism

Published (Print):
01 Sep 2024
Article Type:
Research Article
Pages:
4–19 (16 total)
Restricted access

The Melting-Pot and Its Legacies

Meri-Jane Rochelson

Abstract

This article examines Israel Zangwill's 1908 play The Melting-Pot as a document in American immigration history, and the role of its most contested tropes – interfaith marriage and the melting-pot itself – in his efforts to rescue suffering Jews of Europe. Through close readings of the play and with reference to other works by Zangwill in the early twentieth century, the article looks at the play as a pragmatic work in a time of international upheaval and American nativism. A discussion of the play's reception by critics and audiences indicates that what was most controversial at the time of its production was not necessarily what Zangwill was most desirous to convey. But a look at its varied meanings over time reveals the persistence of the melting-pot metaphor in discussions of immigration, identity, ethnicity and nationhood, especially in the American imaginary.

Cover European Judaism

In  European Judaism

Published (Print):
01 Sep 2024
Article Type:
Research Article
Pages:
68–84 (17 total)
Restricted access

‘No Virtue in Consistent Lying’

Israel Zangwill, Zionism and Race

Laura Almagor

Abstract

Israel Zangwill's diverse and changing political outlooks and activities have often led to scholarly confusion as to how to understand his contributions to Jewish politics. The efforts of Zionist historians, such as Benzion Netanyahu, have reduced the nuances of Zangwill's various political endeavours to a purely Zionist narrative. Departing from the premise that an intellectual-biographical lens offers the best approach to make sense of the seeming inconsistencies that appear during an individual's lifetime, this article employs a deep reading of some of Zangwill's political writings and correspondence. I identify and explore three inter-related thematic frameworks in which the Anglo-Jewish writer has been often understood most reductively: his changing position vis-à-vis Zionism; his engagement with issues of race and indigeneity in both a Western and a colonial/imperial context; and his presumed advocacy of the transfer of Arab Palestinians.

Cover European Judaism

In  European Judaism

Published (Print):
01 Sep 2024
Article Type:
Research Article
Pages:
50–67 (18 total)
Restricted access

Religion and Justice – from Leviticus to Lily

Rabbi Harry Martin Jacobi Memorial Lecture, 24 January 2021

Margaret Jacobi

Abstract

This article was a memorial lecture to the author's father, Rabbi Harry Jacobi, and begins with a tribute to his commitment to justice. It traces the concept of justice and its application from Leviticus to the Talmud to Lily Montagu. It suggests three models of approaching justice. In Leviticus, the principle of justice is clear and its application radical, especially in the concept of the Jubilee year. In the Talmud, the complexity of justice is addressed. Examples are given of debates about disputed possession, compensation and taxation. Finally, a biography of Lily Montagu and examples of her work are presented to show how she put the theory of justice into practice. It is suggested that a threefold approach to building justice is needed: a strong sense of justice, an acknowledgement of the complexities and a commitment to actively working for justice.

Cover European Judaism

In  European Judaism

Published (Print):
01 Sep 2024
Article Type:
Research Article
Pages:
119–130 (12 total)