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Sophie Meunier

, a record number since 1952. The main international market for French cinema became, for the first time in 2014, North America, which now surpasses Western Europe. In 2015, China became the number one country for admissions to French movies. 2015 was

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The Origins of the Anti-Liberal Left

The 1979 Vincennes Conference on Neoliberalism

Michael C. Behrent

commission consisted of politicians, business leaders, and foreign policy scholars from the United States, Western Europe, and Japan. In the late seventies, the Trilateral Commission seemed particularly influential—appearing to many a conspiracy theorist as a

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Luke B. Wood

liquidity resulted in a series of banking and loan crises, especially in the United States, Great Britain, Germany, and France. In 2009, the crisis began to morph into a more serious banking crisis in Western Europe, resulting in the drafting of government

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An Intellectual Genealogy of the Revolt against “Esprit de Système”

From the Renaissance to the Early Enlightenment

Jeffrey D. Burson

date of c. 1675 because it better encompasses the earliest Cartesian controversies, debates over Pyrrhonian skepticism, and the emergence of Epicurean materialism in Western Europe; the origins of natural rights jurisprudence; and the flourishing of

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David F. Patton

und heute,” Weissenseer Blätter , 4/1992, 12–26. 3 Airo Hino, New Challenger Parties in Western Europe: A Comparative Analysis (New York, 2012), 7–9. 4 “Programm für Deutschland. Wahlprogramm der Alternative für Deutschland für die Wahl zum

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From Political Fringe to Political Mainstream

The Front National and the 2014 Municipal Elections in France

Gabriel Goodliffe

Integration in East Central Europe,” European Union Politics 3, 3 (2002): 297–326. See also Paul Taggart, “A Touchstone of Dissent: Euroskepticism in Contemporary Western European Party Systems,” European Journal of Political Research 33, 3 (1998): 363

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Olivier Wieviorka

Abstract

Historians generally consider resistance in Europe as a national phenomenon. This vision is certainly accurate, but forgets one important datum: the Allies have played a decisive part in European resistance, by recognizing (or not) governments in exile, by authorizing (or not) the free access to the BBC, and by using their secret services (mainly the Special Operations Executive, SOE, and the Office of Strategic Services, OSS). This article tries to show how this action has shaped resistance in Western Europe, and given to the Anglo-Americans a leading part in clandestine action—even if national powers, in one way or another, have resisted this hegemony.

Résumé

La résistance en Europe a le plus souvent été considérée comme un combat national, tant par les hommes et les femmes qui y ont participé que par les historiens qui ont, par la suite, tenté de l'analyser. Sans contester ce schéma, il convient sans doute de l'enrichir, en admettant que l'intervention des Britanniques, puis des Américains, a contribué à européaniser la résistance. En la pliant à un modèle organisationnel unique tout d'abord ; en imposant des structures de commandement et une stratégie identiques ensuite ; en légitimant les pouvoirs en exil enfin. Ces interventions ont au total amené à une homogénéisation de l'armée des ombres sur le Vieux Continent, sans que les résistances nationales n'aliènent, pour autant, leur identité propre.

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International Cooperation, Transnational Circulation

Escape, Evasion, and Resistance in France, 1940–1945

Valerie Deacon

evaders 12 in Western Europe. The frequent emphasis on the stormy relationship between the leaders of wartime powers has obscured the important role that evaders and their helpers played in establishing and maintaining diplomatic relationships. Until 1944

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Cause or Consequence?

The Alternative for Germany and Attitudes toward Migration Policy

Hannah M. Alarian

radical right parties in Western Europe: So what?” European Journal of Political Research 52, no. 1 (2013): 1–19. 9 Mudde (see note 8); Rooduijn, Matthijs, Wouter Van Der Brug, and Sarah L. De Lange, “Expressing or fuelling discontent? The relationship

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The New Nationalism?

Antecedents of the Alternative for Germany's Islamfeindlichkeit

J Sterphone

in Europe and the Americas. 15 Brubaker provides a particularly compelling lens for understanding the contemporary rise of the populist-nationalist right in his analysis of what he calls “civilizationism” in Northern and Western Europe