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Ottoman political and rhetorical tradition. While the main argument concerns the benefits to the field of Ottoman history, Ottoman political language, with its complex relations with Persian, Arabic, Greek, and French, is also an apt testing ground for

unsullied by at least a small measure of vice. Tyranny becomes so convoluted that its meaning is lost. A very similar position may be discovered in the French-language translation of and commentary on Aristotle's Politics composed by the Parisian

'nost’ were introduced in the Russian language as equivalents for the French nationalitè . For example, the doctrine that was later labeled “official nationality,” introduced by Count Sergei Uvarov, the minister of education after the Decembrist uprising in

the “innovator,” but what is feared are the effects of innovation. Innovation is “sudden” and “violent” and, particularly after the French Revolution, is often discussed in terms of “revolt” and what we call revolution today (wars, disorders, schisms

materials from the colonies into plantation crops for the British, French, and other colonies and empires, including the Americas. 19 Indeed, it is more accurate to talk about our entire planet as having been biotically reconfigured because of this long

-management” ( rabocheye samoupravleniye in Russian, autogestión in French), which was synonymous with “workers’ self-government” in enterprises and factories. Basically, it is a form of organizational management based on self-directed work processes and elections by an

space of a First, Second, and Third World—not simply a globe. The Third World—a concept that was to be used pro-actively, parallel to the “third estate” in the French revolution—rose in opposition to the First and Second Worlds, as seen in the Afro

“Japan's incorporation into the capitalist and imperialist world of the West” following the reopening of its borders for the first time since the mid-1600s and the subsequent signing of commercial treaties with the United States, France, Britain, Russia

activism and not the result of a long-durée development that goes back to the French Revolution. However, he completely evades the discussion and historical importance of feminist movements within the debate of the making of international human rights. This

German Empire, and even Catholic France. 52 Here, they found inspiration to revive half-forgotten Lutheran traditions for poor relief, such as the institution of “deaconry” ( diakoni ) 53 and to give new meaning to existing concepts. Inspired by the