2004 ). Academic discourse in and about Latin America tends to reduce neoliberalism to Marx's famous description of capitalism's icy waters and “cold and restricted … calculation” ( Gago 2017: 10 ) promoted or acquiesced to by complicit, naive, corrupt
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Jan Ifversen
). In 1986, Ulrich Beck famously conceptualized the late modern society as a society of risks in which the modern trust in the distribution of resources had been replaced by a new focus on calculation and protection from the risks produced by modern
The Complexity of History
Russia and Steven Pinker’s Thesis
Nancy Shields Kollmann
individuals can make such calculations. From the sixteenth century, he argues, these forces joined together to launch a more “civilized” world, where educated people living in urbanized democracies with healthy economies grew to avoid violence; Pinker marshals
Benjamin Abrams
majorities to be an irrelevant calculation, alleging that the true “people” cannot be effectively represented electorally (Brock 1977). Setting the applicability of the “populism” diagnosis to one side gives us space to reexamine the virtue of a
Belonging to Spontaneous Order
Hayek, Pluralism, Democracy
Stephanie Erev
because of the uncertainty such democratic authority would introduce into risk/reward calculations; second, it would interfere with the state's ability to run itself like an enterprise. So the centralized authority of the state is not the only authority to
Constructing Difference and Imperial Strategy
Contrasting Representations of Irish and Zionist Nationalism in British Political Discourse (1917–1922)
Maggy Hary
statesmen, Balfour was compelled to revise his attitude toward Irish home rule because of military strategy and diplomatic calculations. In the context of war against Germany, the British government had no choice but to upset the order of its priorities
Nicole Hudgins
became an important series of calculations during the peace conferences and a guide for central government personnel who were studying the problem of a vast reconstruction project. 8 Although these practical and propagandistic functions of war ruin
Dennis Klein
This article looks at the significance of local circumstances, including direct encounters between victims and assailants, in the genocide process. In what scholars term “the micropolitical turn in the study of social violence,“ the argument here considers the encounter from the perspectives of both constituent parties. Assailants often acted before they thought, raising questions about the premise of intention and calculation that anchors the defining Article 2 in the United Nations Genocide Convention. Victims in local encounters express in their accounts a recognition of their assailants and describe what amounts to a betrayal of the trust they invested in their compatriots. Expressions of recognition in witness accounts attenuate victims' resentment and recrimination, opening a space that permitted possibilities for postgenocide reconciliation and even qualified forgiveness.
Who Governs in Deep Crises?
The Case of Germany
Wolfgang Merkel
France, Italy, Spain, and New York were to be avoided in Germany. There is also a third factor. German epidemiologists’ model-based calculations suggested for worse-case or even normal-case scenarios a bleak picture. The talk was not of thousands, but
Something Happened to the Future
Reconstructing Temporalities in Dutch Parliamentary Debate, 1814–2018
Joris van Eijnatten and Pim Huijnen
principles for the future, statistics as a means of risk calculation took its place. Insurance companies, for example, arose out of this principle. This worked for as long as much of the world, including nature and society, was considered a stable given. The