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retrained for purposes of armed security work, she suspended the company. Following their failure in Liberia, Sabre International initiated collaboration with the Sierra Leone government. Here, the recruitment was launched as an official youth employment

return due to personal misfortune. As the persecution of Burkinabe “strangers” in Côte d’Ivoire intensified after Laurent Gbagbo’s contested electoral victory in 2000, so did the flows of returnees, who left their plantations, wage employment, or small

’s 2003 “Anti-Terror” law ( ICG 2016 ). This Amnesty Law also stipulated financial compensation for former political prisoners and reinstatement into employment ( Amnesty International 2011 ). Furthermore, several ad hoc reparations measures were enacted

migrants and more than two-thirds of Peruvian women working in this sector ( Cano and Soffia 2009 ). Migrants also find employment as sales personnel, street vendors, waitstaff, kitchen assistants, landscapers, construction workers, street sweepers, and

associated box on employment applications; those that try juveniles as adults or place juveniles in solitary confinement; or those that have a “three-strikes law” in which offenders are imprisoned for life after committing three serious or violent felonies

I could tell, there was no formal, industry-wide agreed-upon qualification to work in so-called hostile regions; rather, it was the training company’s reputation that facilitated employment (or otherwise) in the role of armed CP. In sum, though

situation in Mozambique, particularly, in Machaze, remained bleak. The vast majority of men who returned to Machaze after the war quickly realized that migration to South Africa for employment was still their only earning option. However, at the same time

suffered violent attacks, and verbal harassment was common. Omnipresent national symbolry, discriminatory employment policies and state assistance, and an aggressive police presence left no doubt that this territory had been integrated into the Croatian

, but rather active agents who recognized the contradictions of their bodies for security work. They also understood the benefits, however asymmetrical, that came with hospitality-based performances: stable employment and some chance for social