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: 324 ; Schwarcz 2019 ). With the decimation of the native population and the emergence of the labor-intensive sugar cane plantation system, the Portuguese colonists turned to the Atlantic slave trade to procure enslaved persons from Africa. The

. Jacarezinho was less socio-spatially fragmented, with a denser network of factories and with trade unions seeking “class unity” (Interviewees F and I). Some activists claim that, in comparison, residents in Manguinhos possessed a low capacity for self

was followed by an economic downturn and steep reduction in retail trade (Municipal Council member, interview, Sidon, 7 December 2017). Moreover, the incident cost many supporters and families dearly and left them traumatized, some with their sons

), where the first settlers of Iceland held outdoor gatherings, socialized, traded, resolved disputes, and bore witness to the recitation of their collective legal code ( Hastrup 1985: 121 ). In doing so, the settlers established a parliamentary assembly

of religious coexistence, trade and economic prosperity, artistic reciprocity and symbiosis, and ethnic and cultural diversity. 11 Conflict and violence, poverty and disease, the hallmark of medieval Jerusalem as of most contemporary agglomerations

with framed it differently. Several suggested he was a “thug” that had surely been involved in the drug trade. Furthermore, they would argue that the real tragedy in this case was the consequences it had had for the police, as many “good” officers were

bullet killed a sleeping child, and the inhabitants of the neighborhood were exposed to the steady urban conflict and kept in the crossfire of the police and the drug trade (interview, 2 September 2014). Thus, these politics of death were hidden through

of my friends from the favela described it as follows: “When the BOPE comes, they come to kill ( eles vem pra matar mesmo ).” While the official objective of the operations is said to be a crackdown on drug trade, the operations continued during