. Similarly but back in the two-process domain, Alexandre Sousa and colleagues (2019) modeled preferences to popular music along three collative variables—novelty, complexity, and uncertainty—and, once they were combined, found separate and different Wundt
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Limits and Limitlessness
Exploring Time in Scientific Practice
Antonia Walford
This article explores some of the ways that time figures in the scientific practices of instrumental micrometeorology and climatic and weather modeling. It draws on ethnographic work done with the Large-Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA), an international scientific project that aims to assess the role of the Amazon forest in the global carbon cycle and to provide sustainable techniques for the future management of the region. An examination of the knowledge practices that have emerged from this ethnography (such as calibration and prediction) provides an opportunity to rethink the relation between 'natural time' and 'social time(s)'. This allows for a discussion of the roles that certainty, uncertainty, finiteness, and limitlessness play in both scientific and ethnographic practice.
Imagined Germany and the Battle of Models in South Korea
Rival Narratives of Germany in South Korean Public Spheres, 1990–2015
Jin-Wook Shin and Boyeong Jeong
a kind of “follower society” that tries to emulate the model of the “pioneering society.” 6 In such cases, “advanced” countries “provide the standards and models in which the elites … seek to reshape themselves.” 7 Societies often are divided into
In German Politics and Society
- Published (Print):
- 01 Sep 2020
- Article Type:
- Research Article
- Pages:
- 113–134
Erick White
fashion. Their presuppositions about religion and Buddhism, their descriptive vocabularies and priorities, and their models of the central Buddhist actors and dynamics worth examining have maintained considerable influence. This is especially true for
Hyeong-ki Kwon
The German model of political economy that had been an enviable
alternative to the liberal market until the late 1980s in the literature of
political economy was under serious structural crisis throughout the
1990s, causing serious doubts about its viability. Many neoliberals
and industrial experts in Germany began to doubt whether Germany
was an attractive place for business activity, initiating the Standort
Deutschland debate. Even German Chancellor Gerhard Schröder conceded
“the end of German model.”1 Many political economists and
journalists expected and recommended imitating the American
model of a liberal market. Prominent German newspapers and magazines
such as the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Der Spiegel, and Die
Woche ran articles titled “The Discovery of America” and “Jobwunder
in Amerika.” Wolfgang Streeck, one of the main proponents of the
German model, expected the convergence of the German economy
toward an American-led liberal market economy under globalization
because of “a secular exhaustion of the German model.” Streeck
believed that the postwar German model was based on the politics
between labor and capital within a national boundary, but globalization
represents a fluidity of financial and labor markets that extricates
whatever coordination has been nationally accomplished.
In German Politics and Society
- Published (Print):
- 01 Dec 2002
- Article Type:
- Research Article
- Pages:
- 48–72
Gendered Models of Resistance
Jansenist Nuns and Unigenitus
Mita Choudhury
In the decades following the promulgation of the anti-Jansenist bull Unigenitus, scores of nuns and convents resisted the efforts of authorities to make them acquiesce to the Bull. Male Jansenist authors writing from a figurist perspective transformed this female dissent into the model for all forms of spiritual resistance against Unigenitus. Their gendered constructions represented a challenge to the church hierarchy, forging nuns into a political weapon against the ultramontane episcopacy. The controversy over the Religieuses Hospitalières during the 1750s reveals how Jansenist lawyers and magistrates deployed the controversies over these “model” nuns to censure episcopal despotism and to legitimate parliamentary intervention in religious affairs, thereby opening the way to prescribing constitutional limits on the monarchy itself.
In Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques
- Published (Print):
- 01 Mar 2009
- Article Type:
- Research Article
- Pages:
- 28–51
European Models, Domestic Hesitance
The Renewal of the Italian Road Network in the 1920s
Massimo Moraglio
Looking beyond motorways plans, this essay focuses on the role of the Italian "road" lobby in the 1920s in shaping the national transport policy. Contractors like Puricelli were the driving forces of surface transport modernization, with visionary plans but also facing a lack of sympathy by the automobile industry. Those programs were nevertheless carried out with the strong support of the Touring Club and provincial councils. In this context, it seems that the fascist dictatorship, with its hesitance, slowed—rather than hastened—road modernization. Only in 1928, feeding off the ideas of Puricelli and others, did the Mussolini government develop a proper road renewal program. Finally, framing the Italian experience in the European contexts, it emerges that despite the extreme success of American car culture, England is depicted as a more suitable model.
Jennifer Craig-Norton
the current refugee crisis and the one in the 1930s and the ready invocation of the Kindertransport as a model response is evidence of its valence in national narratives of migration. According to Lord Sachs, the Kindertransport was ‘a simple
Liberal Values and Socialist Models
Reply to Darrel Moellendorf
Anton D. Lowenberg
In a recent issue of this journal, Darrel Moellendorf evaluates three socialist models of economic organisation in terms of their efficiency and equity attributes (Moellendorf 1997). From the perspective of the cogency of the arguments made within the worldview accepted by Moellendorf, his contribution must certainly be judged a scholarly and thoughtfully written piece. However, as a free’market economist I find the central claim of his article – that any of the three socialist models discussed can successfully reproduce or even approximate the individual freedom and economic efficiency of a private-property rights system – implausible to say the least.
Luke Ulaş
This paper argues that the two models of collective responsibility David Miller presents in National Responsibility and Global Justice do not apply to nations. I first consider the 'like-minded group' model, paying attention to three scenarios in which Miller employs it. I argue that the feasibility of the model decreases as we expand outwards from the smallest group to the largest, since it increasingly fails to capture all members of the group adequately, and the locus of any like-mindedness becomes too abstract and vague to have the causal force the model requires. I thereafter focus on the 'cooperative practice' model, examining various ways in which the analogy Miller draws between an employee-led business and a nation breaks down. In concluding I address the concern that my arguments have worrying consequences and suggest that, on the contrary, the rejection of the idea of national responsibility is a positive move.