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Sartreans confirmed the Marxists’ worst suspicion of individualism and made “Baghdad the so-called capital of Arab existentialism” (132). For young artists and existentialists who often couldn't afford the cheapest rent, “cafés became cultural laboratories

the implications of Senghor’s formulation of negritude were for schooling. Rather than foregrounding the colonial capital of Paris, as other scholars have done, Gamble focuses on Senghor’s return to Senegal, opening with a speech Senghor gave in 1937

farmhouse….” 1 Consuming the rural through the purchase or inheritance of a peasant house emerged as a lasting feature of French postwar culture. Since the mid-nineteenth century, the magnetic attraction of Paris had made the capital the most visited city

February of 1944, high-ranking officials from France and the empire met in Brazzaville, the capital of French Equatorial Africa, to map out important changes to France's model of colonial governance that would go into effect after the war. Although few

his office over much of the physical and human capital of French preventive and curative health care. Viet’s history makes clear that the health sector underwent the same kind of transformation as industry. The war justified a massive state takeover

capital’s suburbs. In large part, it is a journey through the urban environments created by post-war planning, and in particular by Delouvrier’s Schéma directeur. Undertaken by François and his companion Anaïk, it begins at Roissy airport, one of the

nineteenth century, Paris took on the typical profile of a capitalist city. Increased rent for apartments forced workers into outlying regions; theaters and trade in luxury items became concentrated in the center of the capital. Today, a worker who might

, there are exceptions—individuals whose ideas have inspired others and academic fields where French scholars excel around the world. The most famous French intellectual right now is the rockstar economist Thomas Piketty. His opus Capital in the Twenty

cultural capital to those not fortunate enough to have inherited it. The word pittoresque in the title of the periodical also carried a double meaning. Charton explained the differences between the French and English use of the term: “In England they

communication. By conquering office, the PS also gained access to new resources. Some of these resources were transparent, such as opinion polls run by public agencies, permanent access to the media as office-holders, and the political capital that came with