This article looks at the significance of local circumstances, including direct encounters between victims and assailants, in the genocide process. In what scholars term “the micropolitical turn in the study of social violence,“ the argument here considers the encounter from the perspectives of both constituent parties. Assailants often acted before they thought, raising questions about the premise of intention and calculation that anchors the defining Article 2 in the United Nations Genocide Convention. Victims in local encounters express in their accounts a recognition of their assailants and describe what amounts to a betrayal of the trust they invested in their compatriots. Expressions of recognition in witness accounts attenuate victims' resentment and recrimination, opening a space that permitted possibilities for postgenocide reconciliation and even qualified forgiveness.
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In Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques
- Published (Print):
- 01 Jun 2013
- Article Type:
- Research Article
- Pages:
- 30–39
Who Governs in Deep Crises?
The Case of Germany
Wolfgang Merkel
France, Italy, Spain, and New York were to be avoided in Germany. There is also a third factor. German epidemiologists’ model-based calculations suggested for worse-case or even normal-case scenarios a bleak picture. The talk was not of thousands, but
Stanley Chojnacki
father’s brothers, his two married sisters and their husbands, and his mother- and father-in-law. By my calculation, that assemblage represented six agnate lineages and five marriage connections. 20 At the very least, Leonardo Priuli consciously planted
In Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques
- Published (Print):
- 01 Mar 2017
- Article Type:
- Research Article
- Pages:
- 104–118
Distributional Concept Analysis
A Computational Model for History of Concepts
Peter De Bolla, Ewan Jones, Paul Nulty, Gabriel Recchia, and John Regan
or lengths of the documents in which the lexical co-associations occur do not figure in the calculation. Like most computational linguists, we see this as an advantage: the measure is sensitive to the number of co-associations, and not to the number
In Contributions to the History of Concepts
- Published (Print):
- 01 Jun 2019
- Article Type:
- Research Article
- Pages:
- 66–92
Jan Ifversen
). In 1986, Ulrich Beck famously conceptualized the late modern society as a society of risks in which the modern trust in the distribution of resources had been replaced by a new focus on calculation and protection from the risks produced by modern
In Contributions to the History of Concepts
- Published (Print):
- 01 Dec 2017
- Article Type:
- Research Article
- Pages:
- 1–11
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Central and Eastern Europe
The Rise of Autocracy and Democratic Resilience
Petra Guasti
.02 8010000 * 2530.58 96482 Source: https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus , calculations by the author, all data as of As of August 5, 2020; * as of July 26, 2020 The fatality rate can be explained by state capacity to manage the crisis
The Complexity of History
Russia and Steven Pinker’s Thesis
Nancy Shields Kollmann
individuals can make such calculations. From the sixteenth century, he argues, these forces joined together to launch a more “civilized” world, where educated people living in urbanized democracies with healthy economies grew to avoid violence; Pinker marshals
In Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques
- Published (Print):
- 01 Mar 2018
- Article Type:
- Research Article
- Pages:
- 41–53
Clarifying Liquidity
Keynes and Marx, Merchants, and Poets
Rolf Hugoson
would become highly liquid, that future demand would be higher than the present. Often, this hope was far from rational, making “liquidity” appear as a speculation in the future, not as a calculation of actual rewards. As demonstrated by Keynes, the 1920
In Contributions to the History of Concepts
- Published (Print):
- 01 Dec 2019
- Article Type:
- Research Article
- Pages:
- 46–66
Nicole Hudgins
became an important series of calculations during the peace conferences and a guide for central government personnel who were studying the problem of a vast reconstruction project. 8 Although these practical and propagandistic functions of war ruin
In Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques
- Published (Print):
- 01 Dec 2016
- Article Type:
- Research Article
- Pages:
- 51–70
Constructing Difference and Imperial Strategy
Contrasting Representations of Irish and Zionist Nationalism in British Political Discourse (1917–1922)
Maggy Hary
statesmen, Balfour was compelled to revise his attitude toward Irish home rule because of military strategy and diplomatic calculations. In the context of war against Germany, the British government had no choice but to upset the order of its priorities
In Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques
- Published (Print):
- 01 Jun 2017
- Article Type:
- Research Article
- Pages:
- 29–47