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itself and its political influence. Also, what has been shown by the latest crises is that the financial market can originate risks by ‘financial innovation’, deception and an over-expansion of this market. This leads the object of study of normative

generates for the femme fatale. Third, the deceptions, disguises and confusion that surrounds her, producing her as an ambiguous figure for both the audience and the hero. Fourth, as a consequence the sense of woman as ‘enigma’, typically located within an

, welfare consists of the aggregate wellbeing of the bounded society. If so, fraud, misrepresentation, deception, market gouging, monopolistic manipulations, and, in short ‘taking advantage’ should be penalised. If they become routine, the wellbeing of the

clear that the Freudian unconscious to which Turner referred and which he defended was the Sartrean conception in which, at the end of the day, the unconscious is a mode of bad faith or self-deception and as such, it is often argued, fails to decentre

individual's autonomy (Kantianism), but rather just to the extent that they are unfriendly or, more carefully, fail to respect friendship or the capacity for it. Actions such as deception, coercion and exploitation fail to honour communal relationships in

political parties or individual candidates. REFERENCES Aeschylus . Suppliants , http://classics.mit.edu/Aeschylus/suppliant.html . Alterman , Eric . 2004 . When Presidents Lie: A History of Official Deception and Its Consequences . New York : Viking

deny our freedom, we are acting in bad faith. Bad faith is a form of self-deception in that the liar and the one being lied to are one and the same person. Paradoxically, in order to lie, we need to acknowledge the truth. As Sartre (1956: 49) puts it

to that we should like to state with special emphasis that the philosophical and political justifications for racism, colonialism and the enslavement of the African were predicated on, and continue to rely upon, a long tradition of self-deception in