Interpretive and ethical frameworks circumscribe how we study the perpetrators of politically motivated violence against civilian populations. This article revisits the author’s studies of two eras of white supremacism in the United States, the 1920s and 1980s–1990s, to examine how these were affected by four frameworks of inquiry: the assumption of agency, the allure of the extraordinary, the tendency to categorical analysis, and the presumption of net benefit. It concludes with suggestions on how scholars can avoid the limitations of these frameworks.
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Methods, Interpretation, and Ethics in the Study of White Supremacist Perpetrators
Kathleen M. Blee
Drive-By Solidarity
Conceptualizing the Temporal Relationship between #BlackLivesMatter and Anonymous's #OpKKK
Jared M. Wright, Kaitlin Kelly-Thompson, S. Laurel Weldon, Dan Goldwasser, Rachel L. Einwohner, Valeria Sinclair-Chapman, and Fernando Tormos-Aponte
between Anonymous and BLM that, as we describe in this article, began in November 2014 when hacktivists successfully intervened to defend BLM protesters from the Ku Klux Klan (KKK). Mobilizations like these show evidence of one group (Anonymous) acting
Postmodern Southern Vacations
Vacation Advertising, Globalization, and Southern Regionalism
Amy J. Elias
On January 5, 1999, the evening news programmes in Birmingham, Alabama reported that the upcoming Martin Luther King, Jr. Day might be marred by civic unrest. The Knights of the Ku Klux Klan had spent the 1998 King holiday inciting riots in Memphis, Tennessee, and this year, they were apparently going to focus on downtown Birmingham. Newscasters such as the urbane African American female anchor from Channel 13, Malena Cunningham, featured clips of Birmingham’s five-term, African American mayor, Richard Arrington, saying gracefully and with a hint of condescension that constitutionally the Klan had the right of public protest but that Birmingham’s best strategy would be to pay them no mind. The Klan was coming to Birmingham, Alabama.
Editorial
Benjamin Abrams, Giovanni A. Travaglino, Peter R. Gardner, and Brian Callan
. Wright, Kaitlin Kelly-Thompson, S. Laurel Weldon, Dan Goldwasser, Rachel L. Einwohner, Valeria Sinclair-Chapman, and Fernando Tormos-Aponte examine the case of Anonymous's “Operation KKK” (#OpKKK), an online hacktivist campaign to expose Ku Klux Klan
Black Lives Matter
The Black Lives Matter Movement in the National Museum of African American History and Culture
Rod Clare
implementation of Black Codes, Ku Klux Klan terrorism, sharecropping contracts, city zoning laws, segregation, and various other means. In fact, it can be said that blacks gained any semblance of true mobility in the country only in the early 1970s when the
Beyond (and Before) the Transnational Turn
Recovering Civil Disobedience as Decolonizing Praxis
Erin Pineda
—the revival of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, timed with the release of D.W. Griffith's paean to the old Klan in The Birth of a Nation, a film famously screened at the White House and praised by Woodrow Wilson. By 1922, the Klan boasted over a million
Sites of Girlhood
Tiffany Rhoades Isselhardt
were members of the Ku Klux Klan. All four girls were killed, and another twenty-two people were injured. White supremacists celebrated the bombing, with Ku Klux Klan leader Connie Lynch stating that the four girls were not children. He said, “Children
Sardinian Lives Matter
Dynamics and Reactions in an Italian Internal Colony
Luca Lai and Sharon Watson
dressing up as the Ku Klux Klan for carnival (2017) and one of the authors being approached for sex work (9 a.m., main street, Cagliari, 2011), because that is what black women are thought to do. Immigrants blocked from formal sectors of the economy are
The Social Life of Fighting Words
The Case of Political Correctness
Ronald S. Stade
. Williams, who eventually was forced into exile because local authorities in collusion with the Ku Klux Klan and FBI had trumped up charges against him, was one of many World War II veterans who had returned to the Southern United States with its Jim Crow
Heritage or hate?
A pedagogical guide to the confederate flag in post-race America
Cameron D. Lippard
cause’, rejection of ‘big government’, ‘redneck’ (rural working-class) culture, rebellious White culture, shameful history of slavery, the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) and Jim Crow segregation ( Esposito 2014 ). This symbol has also sparked local and nationwide