The European Union’s 2015–2016 “migration/asylum crisis” gave renewed prominence to discussions over the relationship between migration, security and development in global affairs. The EU’s policy responses to these flows have confirmed that
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Policy coherence for development and migration
Analyzing US and EU policies through the lens of normative transformation
Harlan Koff
In Regions and Cohesion
- Published (Print):
- 01 Jun 2017
- Article Type:
- Research Article
- Pages:
- 5–33 (29 total)
Contesting Paradigms in Society’s Poverty Alleviation and Development Arena
Theoretical Debates on Agency
Sunday Paul Chinazo Onwuegbuchulam and Khondlo Mtshali
initiatives and to make decisions in given realms. Here, the struggle is one marked not by mutual empowerment but by mutually exclusive goals. ( Migdal 1994: 24 ) In the fields of political science, public policy, and development studies, the issue of
Feminism and Development
Building the Discipline or Politicising It?
David Lempert
Although initial contributions of Women's Studies to the field of Development Studies were to question existing concepts and assumptions and to offer new models and inclusive approaches, it appears that contemporary scholarship has shifted entirely (and even unapologetically) into political advocacy with little further in the way of social science or fresh critique and modelling. In Development Studies, Applied Anthropology and possibly in other subfields where gender concerns are presented in 'single-variable' or 'interest-group' perspectives, it may now be time to return to earlier goals through a depoliticisation of 'Feminist' and 'Women's' Studies, appropriately integrating 'Gender Studies' and concerns into subfields in ways that promote holistic advance of those fields. The essay uses two recent books with alternative examinations of feminism in developing societies – one on the area of 'development' and one on relations of two 'developed' countries, the U.S. and Russia – as springboards for a discussion of what has gone wrong and what can be changed in the sub-field of gender and Development Studies.
In Anthropology in Action
- Published (Print):
- 01 Jun 2014
- Article Type:
- Review Article
- Pages:
- 43–48 (5 total)
Regional and sub-regional effects on development policies
The Benelux and the Nordic countries compared
Lauri Siitonen
and Sweden). 2 The Benelux and Nordic countries include the five best performing donors of development aid (Luxembourg, the Netherlands and the three Scandinavian countries 3 ) as well as two relatively well-performing ones (Belgium and Finland
In Regions and Cohesion
- Published (Print):
- 01 Jun 2017
- Article Type:
- Research Article
- Pages:
- 34–69 (36 total)
Violence, Development, and Canada’s New Transnational Jurisprudence
Eliza Guyol-Meinrath Echeverry
rights, and development. Far from being isolated incidents of sexual violence and forced labor, the human rights violations committed against the plaintiffs in Caal v. Hudbay and Araya v. Nevsun occurred within broader historical frameworks. To fully
In Conflict and Society
- Published (Print):
- 01 Jan 2018
- Article Type:
- Research Article
- Pages:
- 167–185 (19 total)
Development and Migration--Migration and Development
What Comes First? Global Perspective and African Experiences
Stephen Castles
Socio-economic change and human mobility are constantly interactive processes, so to ask whether migration or development comes first is nonsensical. Yet in both popular and political discourse it has become the conventional wisdom to argue that promoting economic development in the Global South has the potential to reduce migration to the North. This carries the clear implication that such migration is a bad thing, and poor people should stay put. This 'sedentary bias' is a continuation of colonial policies designed to mobilise labour for mines and plantations, while preventing permanent settlement in the cities. European policy-makers and academics are particularly concerned with flows from Africa, and measures taken by the European Union and its member states are often designed to reduce these - often in the guise of well-meaning development policies. By contrast, many migration scholars regard human mobility as a normal part of social transformation processes, and a way in which people can exercise agency to improve their livelihoods. This article examines these problems, first by providing a brief history of academic debates on international migration and development. It goes on to look at the politics of migration and development, using both EU policy and African approaches as examples. An alternative approach to migration and development is presented, based on a conceptual framework derived from the analysis of social transformation processes.
Uneven development in the Papua New Guinea highlands
Mining, corporate social responsibility, and the “life market”
Jerry K. Jacka
Over the last 20 years, Papua New Guinea has been at the center of a resource development boom as mining, petroleum, and logging companies extract the rich resources of this tropical Pacific island. As 97 percent of the country is owned by customary groups who correspondingly receive benefits from extraction, resource development has the potential to integrate local communities into the global economy in beneficial ways. Often, though, this is not the case, as small factions of landowners control the bulk of development proceeds. In this article, I examine the development of a coffee growing scheme adjacent to the world-class Porgera Gold Mine, intended to help local people who are marginal to mining benefit streams. Tragically, however, instead of engaging in coffee production, many disenfranchised young men in Porgera prefer to work in the “life market”—a term they use to describe tribal warfare in which groups not receiving benefits attack benefit-receiving groups in the attempt to extort monetary payments. Not only are individuals' lives at stake in the life market, but so too are the economic conditions—coffee and gold mining—that allow the life market's very existence.
Understanding the Relationship between Migration and Development
Toward a New Theoretical Approach
Raúl Delgado Wise and Humberto Márquez Covarrubias
The relationship between migration and development is a topic of growing interest among international organizations. To varying degrees, those organizations see remittances as an essential tool in the development of migrant-sending, underdeveloped countries. We argue that this view, on which most pertinent public policies are based, misrepresents the notion of development and obscures the root causes of current labor migration. This limited and distorted perspective should be discarded, and the phenomenon should be analyzed in a comprehensive manner that includes strategic/structural, multi-dimensional, and multi-spatial approaches based on the political economy of development. This type of analysis should take into account the following interrelated dimensions: social agents, global context, regional integration, national environment, and local levels.
In Social Analysis
- Published (Print):
- 01 Dec 2009
- Article Type:
- Research Article
- Pages:
- 85–105 (21 total)
Post-Development Theory and the Discourse-Agency Conundrum
Jon Harald Sande Lie
Through its post-structural critique of development, post-development provides a fundamental dismissal of institutional development. Drawing on the work of Foucault, post-development portrays development as a monolithic and hegemonic discourse that constructs rather than solves the problems it purports to address. Yet post-development itself becomes guilty of creating an analysis that loses sight of individuals and agency, being fundamental to its development critique. This article discusses the discourse-agency nexus in light of the post-development context with specific reference to the grand structure-actor conundrum of social theory, and asks whether an actor perspective is compatible with discourse analysis and what—if anything—should be given primacy. It aims to provide insight into social theory and post-development comparatively and, furthermore, to put these in context, with Foucault's work being pivotal to the seminal post-development approach.
In Social Analysis
- Published (Print):
- 01 Dec 2008
- Article Type:
- Research Article
- Pages:
- 118–137 (20 total)
A Global Perspective on Migration and Development
Nina Glick Schiller
Questioning the units of analysis of contemporary migration theory—the nation-state, the ethnic group, and the transnational community—that structure discussions of migration and development, I argue for a global perspective on migration. In deploying these units of analysis, current discourses about migration and development reflect a profound methodological nationalism that distorts present-day migration studies. The global perspective advocated in this article addresses the reproduction and movement of people and profits across national borders. Such a perspective places the debates about international migration and development and the contemporary polemics and policies on immigration, asylum, and global talent within the same analytical framework, allowing migration scholars to address the mutual constitution of the local and the global.