always (far from it) perceived as such, nor correctly interpreted. When the instance of braiding is a matter of repetition of an image or a motif, it can technically be described as a case of self-quotation. The operations of breakdown and layout are
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The Art of Braiding
A Clarification
Thierry Groensteen
Decoding the Visual Grammar of Selected South African History Textbooks
Katalin Eszter Morgan
Since the 1990s researchers have explored the design features of instructional texts from a Vygotskian sociocultural perspective. This article draws on their work in order to formulate analytical questions. Selected examples from four South African eleventh grade history textbooks are analyzed in an attempt to understand how the application of design principles, or the lack thereof, affects the potential mediating function of the text for historical learning as a whole. The relationship between visual processing and analytical and affective thinking is introduced to the discussion. The article concludes by commenting on the sociocultural context of textbook production.
The Poetry of Snails
The Shown, the Intervened and the Signified in Duelo de caracoles (2010) by Sonia Pulido and Pere Joan
Benjamin Fraser
April 1880 issue of Granizada featured twelve such images of a snail ( Fig. 1 ). The layout and meaning of this single-page comic are ultimately of great relevance for an analysis of Duelo de caracoles , which incorporates but admittedly goes far
A Visit from Philippulus
Pierre Fresnault-Deruelle
. Layout (Henceforth, ‘Scenariography’) The author, who knows the meaning of the expression to ‘dive into a book’, obviously reflected on how the story, originally published in the form of strips, needed to be reconfigured for the album version. 20
The Hut-Hospital as Project and as Practice
Mimeses, Alterities, and Colonial Hierarchies
Cristiana Bastos
, and of a certain rural, colonial nostalgia, on the other. Like self-aware simulacra, the models seem to idealize local constructions and reinvent them by adopting original materials and using a regular, geometric layout. A discussion on whether this
Family History and Social History
Étienne Davodeau's Reportage of Reality in Les Mauvaises gens
Clare Tufts
This article discusses a bande dessinée that recounts the life story of the artist's parents, factory workers in a deeply conservative milieu who became trade union militants. The article is split into four sections. The first deals with techniques that reinforce the effect of documentary accuracy; the second examines how page layout adds symbolic effects and varies pace and perspective; the third analyses the complex chronology, in which there is not only a shifting between the time of narration and the time of the events recounted, but a further significant temporal displacement relating to the process of narration; the fourth considers the extent to which this biography is also necessarily autobiographical.
The Conquest of Space
Evolution of Panel Arrangements and Page Layouts in Early Comics Published in Belgium (1880–1929)
Pascal Lefèvre
This article focuses on panel arrangements and page layouts of early comics published in Belgium in the five decades before the start of Tintin in 1929. It investigates the degree of standardisation in this pivotal period, in which the old system of graphic narratives with captions evolved to comics with balloons. The years between 1880 and 1929 boasted a variety of publication formats (broadsheets, illustrated magazines for adults and for children, comic strips, artists' books), within which one can see both similar and different conventions at work.
The Designer's Role in the Ageing Process
Malcolm Johnston
Designers of the products and environments we use have a significant responsibility to maintain quality of life for elderly and disabled people. Their ability to achieve this is limited both by information available to them and by the attitudes of society. The fact that we age is immutable and predictably changes the nature of our lifestyles. The environments around us and our daily living tools enhance our abilities to fulfil our lifestyles. In the kitchen, for example, the basic need of food preparation is rendered highly efficient through the layout of work-tops, sink and cooker and made quicker by tools such as mixers and microwaves. Designers have created these tools which meet the needs of the large majority of potential users. Designers can therefore also meet the change of needs resulting from the effects of the ageing process.
The Musée du Quai Branly
Art? Artifact? Spectacle!
Herman Lebovics
Designed by Jean Nouvel, the Musée du Quai Branly, the just-opened museum of African, Amerindian, Pacific, and Asian cultures, covers a city block on the Left Bank of Paris's museum row. Both in landscaping and internal layout, Nouvel wished to frame the building within his understanding of the cultures on display inside, but also within its setting in the metropolitan capital. Objects collected in the imperial age now are displayed in what French officials see as the postcolonial era. But how were the pieces on display to be shown: as works of art or well-made cultural artifacts? Nouvel took the lead in evoking a vision of the cultures on display that is closer to Joseph Conrad's dark tales than to enlightened contemporary scholarship and museology on these societies. Neither an art nor an ethnography museum, the Musée du Quai Branly is a spectacle about the societies of the global South.
Linking Ideology, Habitus and Landscape
Traditional and Contemporary Uses of Gardens and Parks in Iran
Nasim Yazdani
For centuries, nature has played significant roles in the Persianate world. Across generations and beyond national borders, Persian gardens and parks have carried traces of narratives, beliefs and attitudes of those who designed, built and used them. This article explores Persian garden history and philosophy, and the emergence of urban parks in Iran. It examines the evolution of cultural attitudes and their reflections in contemporary meanings, layout and use of parks. Landscape narratives both influence and are shaped by shifting cultural values and needs. Urbanisation – and the necessity for urban dwellers to experience ‘nature’ in new environments, sociocultural factors and habitus transformation contribute to the diminution of the role of ‘traditional’ narratives in contemporary design. Nevertheless, the importance of spaces of stillness in landscape design, inherited from Persian garden ideology, influences recreational behaviour in Iran’s contemporary urban parks.