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Protest Wave or Protest Spike?

An Examination of European Protest Activity, 2008–2012

Matthew Schoene

Many scholars have cited the social unrest stemming from the European sovereign debt crisis as a prime example of a protest wave ( della Porta and Mattoni 2014 ; Flesher Fominaya 2015 ; Gerbaudo 2013 ). Protest is an accepted form of

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The Duties to Protest and to Listen to Protest

Communicative Resistance, Enabler's Responsibility, and Echoing

José Medina

Protest as Democratic Communicative Resistance against Injustice Collective protests that involve collective action, voice, and very often also assembly rely on the freedoms guaranteed in democratic societies. At the same time, democratic

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Crime as Protest, Protest as Crime

Interdisciplinary Perspectives

Giovanni A. Travaglino and Cristina d'Aniello

The relationship between the concepts of “crime” and “protest” is complex and multifaceted, and has been the subject of intense debate across academic disciplines ( Schneider and Schneider 2008 ). While crime can be construed as a legitimate form

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Protest and the Democratic Order

A Research Perspective

Danniel Gobbi, Laura Gorriahn, Daniel Staemmler, and Christian Volk

Protest is a “defining trope of our times,” Time Magazine asserted when it named “The Protestor” its person of the year in 2011 ( Anderson 2011 ). From the Arab Spring to the Indignados, from Occupy Wall Street to the Umbrella Movement or Nuit

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Robyn E. Gulliver, Robin Banks, Kelly S. Fielding, and Winnifred R. Louis

extreme climate impacts, which have been met with grassroots protest demanding urgent action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions ( Gulliver et al. 2020 , 2021 ). Much of this protest is directed toward Australian governments—at the federal and state

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A Penchant for Protest?

Typifying Canadian Millennials’ Political Engagement

Randle J. Hart

protest activities. If Millennials are more likely to engage in politics by adopting protest activities than by pursuing more traditional political behaviors, then we can draw on the social movement literature to help explain and understand Millennial

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Matthew Schoene

How do institutional distrust and institutional participation influence various types of protest activity? Institutions, or shared and learned systems of behavior, are the building blocks of mass society and represent a bridge between public and

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Danielle Brady

Spaces of Protest The Australian environmental movement has its origins in 1960s wildlife conservation but has grown to encompass diverse concerns ranging from species extinction to climate change ( Lines 2006 ; Rootes 2015 ). The protest

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Pollyanna Ruiz

In The Practice of Everyday Life, de Certeau likens himself to a Solar Eye reading the city spread out like a text below. He compares this all-seeing position to the enmeshed position of those whose intermingled footsteps pass through the city streets, writing stories that deliberately elude legibility. These two ways of experiencing the city offer a theoretical frame through which I will explore both the administration of protest spaces, and protesters’ ongoing attempts to subvert and evade those controls. In doing so, this contribution will examine the way in which the police practice of kettling depends upon the police’s ability to draw a series of distinctions between ‘good’ protesters who comply with state demands, and ‘bad’ protesters who err from official routes. It will go onto to explore the way in which the practice of maptivism impacts upon protesters’ ability to occupy city spaces and resist the totalizing administrations of the state.

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Rage and Protest

The Case of the Greek Indiginant Movement

Marilena Simiti

In 2011 numerous 'Occupy' and anti-austerity protests took place across Europe and the United States. Passionate indignation at the failure of political elites became a mobilizing force against formal political institutions. In Greece a mass movement known as the Aganaktismeni (the Indignant) became the main agent of social resistance to the memorandum signed by the Greek government, the European Union and the International Monetary Fund. The Greek movement did not take the form of a social movement sharing a collective identity. Left-wing protestors played a prominent role. Protestors embracing right-wing populist frames also participated actively in collective mobilizations, while segments of the extreme right attempted to manipulate rage to their advantage. During the Greek Indignant movement civil society remained a terrain contested by conflicting political forces. This unique feature of the Greek movement posed a completely different challenge to the principles of diversity and inclusiveness than the one debated within the Spanish Indignados and the Occupy protests. Furthermore, it illustrates that rage and indignation may spark dissimilar forms of political contention. Hence, rage and indignation do not merely motivate ‘passive citizens’ to participate in collective protest. They are linked to cognitive frames and individual preferences, which influence protestors’ claims and mobilizations’ political outcomes. Accordingly, advances in democratization and inclusive citizenship are only one of the possible outcomes of mobilizations prompted by rage and indignation.