through print form part of and transform social identity? As the articles in this special section highlight, in the early to mid-twentieth century, geographical mobility increasingly became associated with the possibilities of upward social mobility. Print
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Introduction
Print Culture, Mobility, and The Pacific, 1920–1950
Victoria Kuttainen and Susann Liebich
A Social Negotiation of Hope
Male West African Youth, ‘Waithood’ and the Pursuit of Social Becoming through Football
Christian Ungruhe and James Esson
football as a form of popular entertainment coalesces with a geographical imagination that conflates social mobility with certain places, which, in turn, cultivates the dreams of thousands of young West Africans to migrate to Europe and become professional
Elite de Façade et Mirages de l’Independance
Les Petits Entrepreneurs Etrangers en France dans l’Entre-Deux-Guerres
Claire Zalc
In the literature, immigrant entrepreneurs are described as the élite of the best “integrated” immigrants. Histories of migrant communities all insist on the role of the entrepreneurs as the center of the community and the symbol of social success. In this paper, I will discuss the diverse social meaning attached to being an entrepreneur for an immigrant in Paris during the interwar period. In order to describe the social position of immigrant entrepreneurs, I worked on professional careers, based on the study of more than two hundred applications for French nationality from foreign entrepreneurs during the first half of the twentieth century. It's hard to conclude that there is a one-way social mobility of entrepreneurs, either ascendant or descendent. While some went from the working class to owning a shop, eventually able to spend and save money, others became entrepreneurs as a necessity rather than choice.
Tactics and strategies to survive ‘student engagement’, or joining the Soil Society and other stories
A panel discussion
Jacqui Close
the policy were the belief that anyone who could gain a university place, should be offered one as a matter of social justice and to increase upward social mobility ( Milburn 2009 ). 4 Although it is not advisable to reduce identities to crude
Aspiration and Desperation Traps in Trajectories of Physical and Social Mobility-Immobility
Young Female Migrants in the City
Ellen Bal, Hosna J. Shewly, and Runa Laila
neither go back to the village, where I have lost all connections, nor can I stop working. Aklima's life transformed from one kind of desperate situation into another. Opportunities for upward social mobility through promotion are very limited for the
Indigenous Girls in Rural Mexico
A Success Story?
Mercedes González de la Rocha and Agustín Escobar Latapí
ABSTRACT
For as long as national records have been kept, Indigenous rural girls in Mexico have spent the least amount of time in school (aside from some people with disabilities). An innovative social program was designed in the 1990s that aimed to stop the intergenerational transmission of poverty through the provision of cash transfers (higher for girls than for boys) to families, conditional upon their children’s attendance at school and health clinics. We set out to assess whether or not the program had closed these gender and ethnicity gaps and found that it did narrow substantially pre-existing inequalities among rural indigenous poor girls and their families and, in some instances, reversed them. We recognize that the program does not eliminate other structural forces discriminating against indigenous Mexican girls and that prolonged education is an instrument for mobility only if these other forces are counterbalanced by more comprehensive social strategies.
'The Best Way to See Waterloo Is with Your Eyes Shut'
British 'Histourism', Authenticity and Commercialisation in the Mid-Nineteenth Century
Pieter François
This article analyses how nineteenth-century British visitors of Waterloo anticipated, experienced and explained their visit of 'the field'. The article shows how British visitors attempted to claim ownership over Waterloo and to legitimise their own commemorative practices by simultaneously searching for authenticity and longing for the familiarity (and commercialisation) of the 'beaten track'. By doing so this article calls for a shift in our understanding of nineteenth-century British Waterloo tourism. The view that emphasises the succession of an early generation of authentic travellers by a later generation of 'mere' tourists is replaced by a view which sees the desire for authenticity and the need for the familiar as two forces which were continuously negotiated in creative ways by travellers throughout the whole nineteenth century.
The emergence of the global debt society
Governmentality and profit extraction through fabricated abundance and imposed scarcity in Peru and Spain
Ismael Vaccaro, Eric Hirsch, and Irene Sabaté
strata of the working and middle classes, applying for credit is a logical, naturalized entailment of their commitment to advancement, progress, and upward social mobility. Consumption through credit is seen as a way to overcome a previous situation of
From Ebony to Ivory
‘Cosmetic’ Investments in the Body
Chiara Pussetti
research indicates – especially in situations of serious social and income disadvantages and very elusive prospects of social mobility – body manipulation is considered a valid strategy to increase social inclusion, to climb the social ladder and to improve
Places of Otherness
Comparing Eastleigh, Nairobi, and Xiaobei, Guangzhou, as Sites of South-South Migration
Neil Carrier and Gordon Mathews
, and it is in such places that many dreams of mobility and social mobility take shape. The article will accordingly give overviews of Eastleigh and Xiaobei and their mobility dynamics, dynamics that share some similarities (being generally built on the