sense of community through practicing and talking about two shared values: labor and religious tolerance. While they cite their own Sufi order's teachings in these practices and discourses, the values of labor and tolerance are shared across the country
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Labor and Religious Tolerance in Two Senegalese Daaras
Laura L. Cochrane
Labours of Inter-religious Tolerance
Cultural and Spatial Intimacy in Croatia and Turkey
Jeremy F. Walton
Based on ethnographic research in Croatia and Turkey, this article explores two projects of inter-religious tolerance in relation to broader logics of cultural and spatial intimacy. In the Croatian case, the focus is on the public discourse surrounding Rijeka's Nova Džamija [New Mosque] which pivoted on a perception of the shared victimization of Catholic Croats and Muslim Bosnians at the hands of Serbs during the wars of the 1990s. For Turkey, we focus on a project in Ankara that aims to provide a single site of worship for Sunni and Alevi Muslims, a 'mosque-cem house'. The analysis highlights some common formations of tolerance and cultural intimacy expressed by both projects, as well as the divergent spatial practices and modes of spatial intimacy that distinguish the two sites.
Secularism, Liberalism and the Problem of Tolerance
The Case of the USA
Adam B. Seligman
The separation of church and state in the USA and the critical role of disestablishment in the political doctrines of that country is no indication of a secular polity. In fact, the separation of church and state as developed in 18th century American political thought was itself a religious doctrine and rested on the unique religious beliefs of certain Protestant Churches there. One consequence of this particular mode of accommodating religion has meant that the challenge of pluralism and difference in the United States of America is met, most often, by liberal indifference. Differences are trivialized, aethetisized and, more critically, privatized. They are shielded from public scrutiny and conceptualized as irrelevant to public concern. This is an increasingly inadequate response to the challenge of difference and the plurality of the human experience. Challenges to contemporary modes of accommodating religious and ethnic pluralism are necessitating the formulation of new sets of answers which are not based on such Protestant or post-Protestant assumptions.
Rorty and Tolerance
Christian B. Miller
While Richard Rorty’s general views on truth, objectivity, and relativism continue to attract much attention from professional philosophers, some of his contributions to ethical theory have thus far been remarkably neglected. In other work, I have begun the task of sketching what a Rortyan approach to traditional questions in meta-ethics might look like.1 Here, however, I shall attempt to summarize and evaluate some of the contributions that Rorty has made to important debates in first-order normative theory. More specifically, my attention will be devoted primarily to the question of what moral obligations of respect and tolerance, if any, we have towards those who act out of moral frameworks which are divergent from our own. The paper proceeds in three parts. In the first section, I suggest that one promising way of approaching ethical issues about tolerance is through the somewhat novel strategy of first clearly differentiating the various forms of moral relativism. With this background in place, we can then proceed in section two to the details of Rorty’s own view. Finally, the paper concludes with some worries about the plausibility, coherence, and stability of Rorty’s positive proposal.
Introduction
Religious Plurality, Interreligious Pluralism, and Spatialities of Religious Difference
Jeremy F. Walton and Neena Mahadev
, ostensibly rooted in theological differences, which necessitates the affordances of interreligious pluralism and tolerance. Such a “primordial” image of authentic religious plurality ( Walton 2017b: 19 ) obscures the textured histories that produce difference
Non-democracy tolerance
Venezuela in Mercosur and Hungary in the European Union
Tainá Siman
Abstract
Regional integration organizations (RIOs) have long been an important mechanism for cooperation among States. With their ever- closer ties, concerns about the regimes of the States involved have led RIOs to adopt norms for sanctions or suspension from these organizations when irregular regime changes occur, or governments become undemocratic. This article reflects on the development and enforcement of these tools based on two major cases for Europe and Latin America: the case of Venezuela in Mercosur and Hungary in the European Union. The conclusion is not supposed to plainly label processes as “succeeded” or “failed” but rather to provide observations on mutual learning through case studies to better reflect on the design of institutions, norms, adaptation, and political constraints to its enforcement.
Resumen
Las organizaciones de integración regional (OIR) han sido durante mucho tiempo un importante mecanismo de cooperación entre países. Con sus lazos cada vez más estrechos, la preocupación por los regímenes de los países implicados ha llevado a las OIR a adoptar normas de sanción o suspensión de estas organizaciones cuando se producen cambios irregulares de régimen, o los gobiernos se vuelven antidemocráticos. Este artículo reflexiona sobre el desarrollo y la aplicación de estas herramientas basándose en dos casos importantes para Europa y América Latina: el caso de Venezuela en el Mercosur y el de Hungría en la Unión Europea. La conclusión no pretende etiquetar lisa y llanamente los procesos como “exitosos” o “fracasados”, sino aportar observaciones sobre el aprendizaje mutuo a través del estudio de casos, para reflexionar mejor sobre el diseño de las instituciones, las normas, la adaptación y las limitaciones políticas para su aplicación.
Résumé
Les organisations d'intégration régionales (OIR)ont longtemps représenté un mécanisme fondamental de coopération entre pays. En raison de leurs liens de plus en plus étroits, les inquiétudes concernant les régimes des pays concernés ont conduit les OIR à adopter des normes de sanction ou de suspension de ces organisations en cas de changements irréguliers de régimes ou non démocratiques de gouvernements. Cet article reflète le développement et l'application de ces mécanismes à partir de deux cas significatifs pour l'Europe et l'Amérique latine : le Venezuela dans le Mercosur et la Hongrie dans l'Union Européenne. La conclusion n'est pas censée qualifier les processus « d’échec » ou de « réussite » mais plutôt fournir des observations sur l'apprentissage mutuel à travers des études de cas afin de mieux réfléchir à la conception des institutions, aux normes, à l'adaptation et aux contraintes politiques de leur exécution.
The Origins and Subjects of Fear for Siberians
Sociological Research in the Regions of Eastern and Western Siberia
Valentin G. Nemirovskiy and Anna V. Nemirovskaya
This paper analyzes feelings of insecurity and fear amongst the population of Siberian regions in the face of various perceived dangers, based on research conducted in the Krasnoiarsk and Altai Territories, Novosibirsk and Omsk Regions, and the Republics of Khakassiia and Buriatiia, in the context of the general Russian situation. Quantitative methods—frequency, correlation, and factor analysis on survey data obtained from formalized face-to-face interviews—are used to gain an understanding of what factors respondents feel are “ugrozhaiushchie zhiznedeiatel'nosti” (activities threatening to social life). Siberians feel especially vulnerable to gender- and age-related discrimination, as well as governmental abuse of power and the threats inherent in economic development: chronic poverty, environmental threats, officials' arbitrariness, and crime and law enforcement authorities themselves. They also feel threatened by the presence of migrant groups and social minorities. However, an internal locus of control reduces their fears of threats to social life activities.
Address by His Highness the Aga Khan on Receiving the 'Tolerance' Award
Tutzing Evangelische Akademie, 20 May 2006
Aga Kha
Minister Steinmeier has been very generous in his remarks – for which I thank him most sincerely. And I would like to take this occasion at the opening of these comments, to tell him how much all the people who work with me around the world appreciate the support and the partnership of the people and Government of Germany in the work that we are doing. You have brought imagination, you have brought sophistication, you have brought flexibility to areas of need, areas of intellectual activity, which we consider unique, and I thank you for that.
Dzenovska, Dace. 2018. School of Europeanness: tolerance and other lessons in political liberalism in Latvia. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. 467 pp. Hb.: US$114.00. ISBN: 9781501716850.
Seamus Montgomery
Book Reviews
Tom Scott-Smith, Matthew A. L. Gault, Joshua Falcon, Phaedra Douzina-Bakalaki, and Bilal Nadeem
Years of Hunger Relief . Ithaca, NY : Cornell University Press . Tieleman , H. J. 1987 . ‘ The State of Refugee Research ’. Development and Change 18 ( 1 ): 147 – 186 . Rosemary Harris, Prejudice and Tolerance in Ulster: A Study of